單分子免疫陣列（single m船的olecule array，Simoa）技民微術，又稱“數字ELISA”，是近年來新開(kāi)發(fā)的謝河一種(zhǒng)數字免疫分析方法，將(jiān遠飛g)單分子計數用于蛋白質生物标記物的檢和說測。該方法可測量各種(zhǒn書國g)不同基質（血清、血漿、腦脊液、尿液、細胞提取玩刀物等）中的蛋白質，檢測限可達飛摩爾（fg/醫務mL）數量級，靈敏度較傳統ELISA提高約1 000倍。目前，該技術在一些重大秒船傳染病，如新冠肺炎、結核病、艾滋病、朊病毒病診斷中的優勢逐漸凸說答顯。Simoa技術可幫助監測新冠病毒為小感染進(jìn)程，有望實現早期高靈敏度診斷，以區分新冠肺炎輕症和重問算症患者；有望幫助診斷活動性結核病，并可以街湖監測結核病治療效果；可更準确檢測人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）免疫相關蛋白含量變土但化，提高早期診斷的靈敏性；可在羊瘙癢病臨床症狀出現前檢測活體動物血清，提高癢病錢呢早期檢測能(néng)力，從而有望用于人類克雅氏症診斷。未來，通過(g我弟uò)開(kāi)發(fā)相關病種(zhǒn算你g)的檢測試劑盒，有望利用Simoa技術提高疫病章女的綜合診斷能(néng)力，還(hái)可進(jìn)行疫苗分服免疫效果評價，爲疫病防控提供依據。
Application of Single愛數 Molecule Array電兒 in Diagnosis of Infe兒可ctious Diseases
Single molecule array（Simoa作風），also known as“digital ELISA”，w制女as a new digital immunoassay technology暗為 developed in recent years，which還厭 was generally used t這司o detect protei票關n biomarkers via si好學ngle molecule counting. Th秒麗e technology could be ap紅離plied to measure prot中行eins in various spe姐現cimens，such as serum，plasma，cerebros上水pinal fluid，urine，cell extr個書acts，etc.，with a limit of dete年科ction as low as femtomolar（f雨道g/mL），and an appr很外oximately 1000-fold sensitivity 東少compared to traditional EL就電ISA. Currently，the t志那echnology was promis聽司ingly applied in diagnosis of some m河草ajor infectious d們有iseases including COVID-19，tuberculosi日間s，AIDS and prion virus. As the process 那匠of COVID-19 infection cou冷聽ld be monitored with the hel刀熱p of the technology，it was expe體暗cted that，by the techn林信ology，such infection could be earl話子y diagnosed with high s靜是ensitivity so as to distinguish pat土拿ients with seve黑紅re or mild symptoms，so was the 女冷active tuberculosis，and relevant t雪睡herapeutic effect could be mon花師itored；any changes of relevant im著著munogenic protein content rel間業ated to human imm輛爸unodeficiency virus（HIV離謝）could be accurately detected to i她費mprove the sensit樂關ivity of early diagnosi厭下s；serums of live an山都imals could be detected prior道朋 to any clinical symptoms of scrapi道醫e to improve early detection ca黃短pacity and then it was expected to 長姐be used in the diagnosis of human Creut關兵zfeldt Jakob disease海花 in the future. It was also畫煙 expected that，through devel低厭opment of kits for corresponding d會裡iseases，the technology could土亮 be used to improv亮街e comprehensive diag子個nosis capacity，and evaluate the 我見effect of vaccination to provide a b金低asis for disease preven北舞tion and control.
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