納米抗體（nanobody，Nb）是在駱駝血清中發(fā)明火現的一種(zhǒng)新型抗體，具有相對(duì)分子質量小、穩年火定性高、親和力高、組織滲透性強以及可識别抗原縫隙表位、進技歌(jìn)一步改造和表達等特點。Nb篩選技術分爲噬菌體展示、東河酵母雙雜交、mRNA展示以及高通量測序南畫和質譜分析等4種(zhǒng)，它們都(dōu)線音能(néng)夠快速篩選到特異性Nb。對(duì)具有高度親和力的Nb，相就多種(zhǒng)表達系統均可以實現高效表達。其中：原核表達最常用，明的其操作相對(duì)簡單、産量大、生産成(chéng)本低，但要去除表達出的紙匠重組蛋白内毒素；酵母表達可以直接收集培站靜養基上清純化，雜蛋白含量少，但可能(n農機éng)存在過(guò)度糖基化問題；植西購物宿主可以大量表達Nb，但基因操作過(g房商uò)程繁瑣，且分離純化Nb相對(duì)困難；哺乳動物細胞生産抗體刀會也是較常用的方式，但生産成(chéng)本較高。針對妹說(duì)每一種(zhǒng)篩選方法和表達系統目前沒制新(méi)有統一的評價标準，在選擇時(shí)，應以商校實驗室條件爲基礎，充分了解篩選做我對(duì)象的結構、功能(néng)和用途飛做，根據不同目的選用。本文對(duì)Nb結構特點、篩選及表達以及在動物海去疫病防治中的應用展開(kāi)是空論述，可爲相關領域研究提供技術支持。人森
Research Progress on the Screening and為吃 Expression of Nan商黑obody
Nanobody（Nb），a new ant城跳ibody found in camel serum，is character亮票ized by small m腦很olecular weight，high stability，票行high affinity，strong tissu頻窗e permeability，and recogn購去ition of antigen北還 gap epitopes，further modifi月睡cation and expres村農sion. Nb screenin從嗎g technology includes風鐵 phage display，yeast double hybridiza唱師tion，mRNA display and high-t子問hroughput sequencing a人林nd mass spectrometry analysis，船話all of which could ra車空pidly screen sp都訊ecific Nb. For the Nb with high 睡國affinity，many expressio好動n systems could be used to realize an e弟靜ffectively expression. Specifically，pro從輛karyotic expression去靜 is mostly used due to its simple ope媽男ration，mass production and lo得海w production cost，b光麗ut the output of rec吃煙ombinant protein endotoxin sho弟報uld be removed；yeast expression coul長站d be used to directly co綠腦llect purification of medium冷小 supernatant，with small con輛要tent of miscellaneous protein，睡南but excessive glycosylation may be avai錢秒lable；host plant事森s could express N年不b in large quantity，but t綠輛he process of gene 議費operation is complicated and it 是愛is difficult to isolate and pur醫懂ify Nb；antibody produced by費低 cells of mammals 事不is also usually used，b紙水ut its production cost is high輛頻. No uniform eva鄉木luation standard has been devel輛秒oped for all the above method黑快s and expression 兵愛systems till now. A decision should be樹拍 made based on laborator放線y conditions and a場些ccording to corresponding purp民看ose provided that the structur但做e，function and usage of t兒去he object to be screened shoul分爸d be well understo影從od. In the paper，the s著歌tructure，screening and expr雜如ession of Nb as well 生讀as its application in the prevention務子 and control of animal dise大習ases were discuss拍空ed，which might techni票黃cally support the study in related fi坐街elds.
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