弓形蟲病（toxoplasmo街司sis）是由剛地弓形蟲（Toxo相老plasma gondii）感染引起(qǐ)的一種(zhǒng)人獸共患寄生蟲文火病，在世界各地都(dōu)有分布，宿主種(zhǒ動事ng)類十分廣泛，人間和動物的感染率都(dōu)比較高，對(duì)人男用類健康和公共衛生構成(chéng)了威脅。目前，弓形蟲病沒(méi)有理想的朋快藥物用于治療，早期診斷是防控該病的重要手段之一。病筆長原學(xué)診斷是最早建立的弓形蟲診斷方法，操術是作簡單，結果可靠，但耗時(shí)較長(cháng)，無法滿足快速做區、高效、批量檢測的需求，因此在實驗室診斷方面(m師場iàn)應用逐步減少。免疫學(xué)檢測方法相湖以ELISA和IHA方法爲主，已有較爲成(chéng)熟的音那商品化試劑盒或診斷試劑，在大規模的檢測和流行病學視匠(xué)調查中起(qǐ)到了很大作用。分子生物跳廠學(xué)方法與傳統的病原學(xué)檢測方法相比，其速度、通量、特異性、敏鐵訊感性各方面(miàn)都(dōu)有提升，相較醫對于免疫學(xué)診斷，避免了獲得性免疫帶來的假陽性結果，紙媽是未來弓形蟲病實驗室診斷的主要發(錢雪fā)展趨勢。本文從病原學(xué)、分子生物學(xué空司)和免疫學(xué)方面(miàn)對(duì)弓形蟲的實驗室診斷技術進(jì司相n)行論述，以期爲弓形蟲的實驗室診斷和樂得防控措施的制定提供參考。
Advances in Lab金舊oratory Diagnostic T時看echniques for Toxoplasma gond員車ii
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis cau友請sed by infection謝商 with Toxoplasma gondii，and widely d樂放istributed all over the人玩 world，with wide range of host spe林知cies and high infection rat信去es in human and農相 animals，posing a threat to huma長西n health and public h秒化ealth. Considering that no ideal drug 能草has been available for the 朋一disease，early diagnosis 南頻is one of the impor微歌tant means to prevent and control the 樹冷disease. Etiological diagnosis is 麗樹the initial method for Toxoplasma弟雜 gondii，and is sim動票ple with reliable 這南results but time-consuming，which fai北紙led to meet the nee工見ds of rapid，efficient and batch車銀 detection，and became decreasing in 短不its application in如章 laboratory diagnosis. Immunol數錯ogical detection methods mainl用銀y include ELISA and IHA，and re船拿latively mature commercial kits or di門近agnostic reagents are availabl購科e，which have played a great術商 role in large-scale detection 門民and epidemiological inve吧腦stigation. Compar我山ed with traditional pathog答很enic detection methods，m科能olecular biolog綠門ical methods have been impro民車ved in speed，throughput，習紙specificity and sensitivity，討為and avoided fal知行se positive results caused 術拿by acquired immunity as compa呢地red with immunological diagn下書osis，which represent the 們弟main development trend of laborat雪子ory diagnosis for toxoplasmosis in妹大 the future. In the可習 paper，the labora爸多tory diagnosis technology 鐵體for Toxoplasma gondii were都機 discussed from the 遠笑aspects of etiology，不理molecular biology an服一d immunology，with a view to p女水roviding a referenc遠暗e for the labora舊照tory diagnosis 購公for Toxoplasma gondii a動器nd development of measures fighting ag如視ainst toxoplasmosis.
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